Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 11 de 11
Filter
1.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 23(1): 44-50, Jan-Feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-742028

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to assess patient knowledge of heart failure by home-based measurement of two NOC Nursing Outcomes over a six-month period and correlate mean outcome indicator scores with mean scores of a heart failure Knowledge Questionnaire. METHODS: in this before-and-after study, patients with heart failure received four home visits over a six-month period after hospital discharge. At each home visit, nursing interventions were implemented, NOC outcomes were assessed, and the Knowledge Questionnaire was administered. RESULTS: overall, 23 patients received home visits. Mean indicator scores for the outcome Knowledge: Medication were 2.27±0.14 at home visit 1 and 3.55±0.16 at home visit 4 (P<0.001); and, for the outcome Knowledge: Treatment Regimen, 2.33±0.13 at home visit 1 and 3.59±0.14 at home visit 4 (P<0.001). The correlation between the Knowledge Questionnaire and the Nursing Outcomes Classification scores was strong at home visit 1 (r=0.7, P<0.01), but weak and non significant at visit 4. CONCLUSION: the results show improved patient knowledge of heart failure and a strong correlation between Nursing Outcomes Classification indicator scores and Knowledge Questionnaire scores. The NOC Nursing Outcomes proved effective as knowledge assessment measures when compared with the validated instrument. .


OBJETIVO: verificar o conhecimento dos pacientes sobre insuficiência cardíaca, por meio de dois Resultados de Enfermagem em ambiente domiciliar, durante um seguimento de seis meses e, correlacionar a média dos seus indicadores com um Questionário de Conhecimento sobre insuficiência cardíaca. MÉTODOS: neste estudo tipo antes-depois, pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca receberam quatro visitas domiciliares, durante seis meses, após a alta hospitalar. Em cada visita foram implementadas Intervenções de Enfermagem, mensurados os Resultados e aplicado o Questionário do Conhecimento. RESULTADOS: vinte e três pacientes receberam visitas em domicílio. Na visita um, o Resultado Conhecimento: Medicação obteve média de 2,27±0,14 e na visita quatro, 3,55±0.16 (P<0,001), e o Resultado Conhecimento: Regime Terapêutico 2,33±0,13 na visita um e 3,59±0,14 na visita quatro (P<0,001). A correlação entre o Questionário do Conhecimento e os escores da Classificação dos Resultados de Enfermagem foi de forte magnitude na visita domiciliar um (r=0.7, P<0,01), mas fraca e não significativa na visita quatro. CONCLUSÃO: os resultados indicaram progresso do conhecimento sobre insuficiência cardíaca e correlação forte entre a Classificação dos Resultados de Enfermagem e os escores do Questionário do Conhecimento. A Classificação dos Resultados de Enfermagem mostrou-se efetiva na avaliação do conhecimento quando comparada ao instrumento validado. .


OBJETIVO: verificar el conocimiento de los pacientes sobre insuficiencia cardíaca mediante dos Resultados de Enfermería en ambiente domiciliario durante un seguimiento de seis meses y correlacionar el promedio de sus indicadores con un Cuestionario de Conocimiento sobre insuficiencia cardíaca. MÉTODOS: en este estudio tipo antes-después, pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca recibieron cuatro visitas en domicilio durante un período de seis meses tras el alta hospitalario. En cada visita fueron implementadas Intervenciones de Enfermería, mensurados los Resultados y aplicado el Cuestionario del Conocimiento. RESULTADOS: veinte y tres pacientes recibieron visitas en domicilio. En la visita 1, el Resultado Conocimiento: Medicación alcanzó promedio de 2,27±0,14 y, en la visita 4 3,55±0.16 (P<0,001), y el Resultado Conocimiento: Régimen Terapéutico 2,33±0,13 en la visita 1 y 3,59±0,14 en la visita 4 (P<0,001). La correlación entre el Cuestionario del Conocimiento y los scores de la Clasificación de los Resultados de Enfermería fue de magnitud fuerte en la visita en domicilio 1 (r=0.7, P<0,01), pero débil y no significativa en la visita 4. CONCLUSIÓN: los resultados indicaron mejora del conocimiento sobre insuficiencia cardíaca y correlación fuerte entre la Clasificación de los Resultados de Enfermería y los scores del Cuestionario del Conocimiento. La Clasificación de los Resultados de Enfermería se mostró efectiva en la evaluación del conocimiento cuando comparados al instrumento validado. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Dibenzothiazepines/therapeutic use , Evoked Potentials, Motor/drug effects , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Neural Inhibition/drug effects , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Electromyography , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Schizophrenia/physiopathology , Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods
2.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 36: 40-45, jun. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-665170

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Maximal surgical resection of brain high grade glioma, involves the risk of damaging either eloquent cortical areas or efferent subcortical white matter tracts. Identification of the anatomical and functional relation between the tumor and adjacent functional cortical areas or eloquent white matter bundles may provide critical information to guide tumor resection and prevent surgical morbidity. The main objective of this study was to assess the combined use of diffusion tensor (DT) tractography and functional magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging to assist in the extent of resection of brain high grade glioma (HGG) with preservation of eloquent areas. Material and methods: 42 consecutive patients harboring brain HGG underwent surgery with the purpose of maximal resection. Patients were randomly divided in two groups: Group A (22 cases): control group, and group B (20 cases), where surgery was performed with navigation and combined use of DT imaging and fMR imaging. Results: Extent of resection in group A was 81.5 percent and 90.5 percent in group B (ANOVAs test p=0, 03). We did not observed differences in postoperative neurological deficit and surgical time between both groups. Conclusion: The combined use of tractography, functional MRI and neuronavigation may provide critical information to guide brain high grade glioma resection without increasing surgical morbidity or surgical time.


Introducción: La resección radical de los gliomas cerebrales de alto grado (GCAG) comporta el riesgo de afectación tanto de áreas corticales elocuentes como de los tractos subcorticales de sustancia blanca. La identificación de la relación anatómica y funcional entre el tumor y las áreas corticales o los tractos de sustancia blanca elocuentes, puede proporcionar una información fundamental para guiar la resección quirúrgica y contribuir a reducir la morbilidad postquirúrgica. El principal objetivo del estudio es el análisis del uso combinado de la tractografía y la resonancia magnética funcional (RMf) en el grado de resección de gliomas cerebrales de alto grado con preservación de áreas elocuentes. Material y métodos: Presentamos 42 pacientes con diagnóstico de GCAG y localización próxima a córtex motor o áreas del lenguaje, que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente con el objetivo de llevar a cabo una resección radical de la lesión. Los pacientes se distribuyeron de forma aleatoria en 2 grupos: el grupo A (22 pacientes) fue el grupo control y el grupo B (20 casos) fue también intervenido pero utilizando la neuronavegación y el uso combinado de tractografía y RMf. Resultados: El grado de resección en el grupo A fue de un 81,5 por ciento y del 90,5 en el grupo B (test de ANOVA p=0,03). No observamos diferencias en la incidencia de morbilidad postquirúrgica o del tiempo de cirugía entre ambos grupos. Conclusiones: El uso combinado de la tractografía, RMf y neuronavegación proporciona una información funcional que facilita la cirugía de los GCAG sin incrementar la morbilidad o el tiempo de cirugía.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Glioma/surgery , Glioma/physiopathology , Neuronavigation , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Brain Neoplasms/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Diffusion Tensor Imaging , Neurosurgical Procedures/methods , Surgery, Computer-Assisted
3.
Journal of Forensic Medicine ; (6): 139-141, 2011.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-983641

ABSTRACT

Transcranial magnetic stimulation-motor evoked potential (TMS-MEP) test is one of the electrophysiological examination methods to evaluate the function of central nervous system. The value of the TMS-MEP has been recognized by some clinical forensic workers recently. This article reviews the principle and advantages of TMS-MEP and its application in functional evaluation of central nervous system and clinical treatment. The value of TMS-MEP in forensic medicine, especially in objective assessment of muscle strength after injury of central nervous system is also discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Central Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Disability Evaluation , Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology , Forensic Medicine/methods , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Neural Conduction/physiology , Predictive Value of Tests , Severity of Illness Index , Spinal Cord Injuries/physiopathology , Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
4.
Clinics ; 63(6): 735-740, 2008. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-497884

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Somatosensory stimulation of the paretic upper limb enhances motor performance and excitability in the affected hemisphere, and increases activity in the unaffected hemisphere, in chronic stroke patients. We tested the hypothesis that somatosensory stimulation of the paretic hand would lead to changes in excitability of the unaffected hemisphere in these patients, and we investigated the relation between motor function of the paretic hand and excitability of the unaffected hemisphere. METHODS: Transcranial magnetic stimulation was administered to the unaffected hemisphere of nine chronic stroke patients. Patients were submitted to 2-h somatosensory stimulation in the form of median nerve stimulation and control stimulation using a cross-over design. Baseline Jebsen-Taylor test scores were evaluated. Resting motor threshold, intracortical facilitation, short-interval intracortical inhibition, and visual analog scores for attention, fatigue and drowsiness were measured across conditions. RESULTS: Better pre-stimulation baseline motor function was correlated with deeper SICI in the unaffected hemisphere. We found no overt changes in any physiological marker after somatosensory stimulation. There was increased drowsiness in the control session, which may have led to changes in intracortical facilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not support an overt effect of a single session of somatosensory stimulation of the paretic hand on motor cortical excitability of the unaffected hemisphere as measured by motor threshold, short-interval intracortical inhibition or intracortical facilitation. It remains to be determined if other markers of cortical excitability are modulated by somatosensory stimulation, and whether repeated sessions or lesion location may lead to different effects.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Hand/physiopathology , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Somatosensory Cortex/physiopathology , Stroke/physiopathology , Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation , Chronic Disease , Functional Laterality , Hand/innervation , Motor Activity/physiology , Stroke/rehabilitation
5.
J Biosci ; 2006 Dec; 31(5): 543-50
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-110849

ABSTRACT

Thyroid dysfunction is associated with attention deficit and impairment of the motor system (muscle weakness and fatigue). This paper investigates possible motor function deficit in thyroid patients,compared to the controls. Functional MRI studies (fMRI)were carried out in five hypo and five hyperthyroid patients and six healthy volunteers. Whole brain imaging was performed using echo planar imaging (EPI)technique, on a 1.5T whole body MR system (Siemens Magnetom Vision). The task paradigm consisted of 8 cycles of active and reference phases of 6 measurements each, with right index finger tapping at a rate of 120 taps/min. Post-processing was performed using statistical parametric mapping on a voxel-by-voxel basis using SPM99. Clusters of activation were found in the contralateral hemisphere in primary somatomotor area (M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), somatosensory,auditory receptive and integration areas, inferior temporal lobe, thalamus and cerebellum. Increased clusters of activation were observed in M1 in thyroid subjects as compared to controls and with bilateral activation of the primary motor cortex in two hyperthyroid patients. The results are explained in terms of increased functional demands in thyroid patients compared to volunteers for the execution of the same task.


Subject(s)
Adult , Brain Mapping , Fingers/physiopathology , Humans , Hyperthyroidism/physiopathology , Hypothyroidism/physiopathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Motor Activity , Motor Cortex/physiopathology
6.
São Paulo; s.n; 2005. [180] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-403684

ABSTRACT

A estimulação cerebral profunda (ECP) é usada para tratar a doença de Parkinson (DP) avançada. A estimulação do núcleo subtalâmico (NST) melhora o sintomas de parkinsonismo, mas seu mecanismo de ação permanece pouco compreendido. Dados comportamentais durante o exame e a evolução clínica foram analisados. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes não apresentaram complicações decorrentes dos exames de RMf. Com o estímulo elétrico ligado, nas sequências BL houve maior atividade em relação às RE, na área sensitivo-motora primária (SM1) esquerda. Durante o repouso, quando a estimulação elétrica foi ligada houve maior atividade das seguintes áreas: cerebelo direito, SM1 esquerda, Cgp, pM bilateral, mesencéfalo esquerdo e Cga. Houve melhora clínica dos pacientes e tanto a avaliação motora na primeira semana pós-operatória, na fase sem medicação, bem como a avaliação global em seis meses estiveram correlacionadas com os parâmetros motores aferidos durante os exames de RMf / Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used to treat advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is effective to improve the symptoms related to parkinsonism, but its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be applied to study brain areas involved in motor activity, as a mean to better understand the effects of DBS. In this work we aimed to develop and test fMRI techniques to study DP patients treated with DBS. METHODS: We have initially performed tests to check the interference of the DBS in image quality and made adaptations that minimized the artifacts. After this initial phase PD patients were examined by fMRI in four different phases: during right hand movement (before surgery to implant DBS electrodes, after the surgery with the electrical stimulation turned off, and after the surgery with the electrical stimulation turned on the STN) and at rest with electrical stimulation turned on. In total, ten patients were examined, eight of them paired to matched normal volunteers...


Subject(s)
Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/rehabilitation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Motor Cortex/anatomy & histology , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Brain Mapping/methods , Subthalamic Nucleus/physiopathology , Software Design , Somatosensory Cortex
7.
Neurol India ; 2003 Mar; 51(1): 94-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-121291

ABSTRACT

Persistent mirror movements are unwanted movements restricted to muscles homologous to those moved intentionally on the opposite body half. It is rarely observed and the functional MRI findings in a case of persistent mirror movement are described.


Subject(s)
Child , Dyskinesias/physiopathology , Female , Hand , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Movement Disorders/physiopathology
8.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 59(3B): 717-721, Sept. 2001. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-295837

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To study the seizure's outcome in patients with refractory epilepsy and normal MRI submitted to resections including the rolandic cortex. METHODS: Four adult patients were studied. All patients had motor or somatosensory simple partial seizures and normal MRI and were submitted to subdural grids' implantation with extensive coverage of the cortical convexity (1 in the non-dominant and 3 in the dominant hemisphere). RESULTS: ECoG was able to define focal areas of seizures' onset in every patient. All patients were submitted to resection of the face and tongue motor and sensitive cortex; two patients had resections including the perirolandic cortex and 2 had additional cortical removals. Three patients are seizures' free and one had a greater then 90 percent reduction in seizure frequency. CONCLUSION: Resections including the face and tongue rolandic cortex can be safely performed even within the dominant hemisphere


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cerebral Cortex/surgery , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Epilepsy/surgery , Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology , Electrodes, Implanted , Face/physiopathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Motor Cortex/surgery , Subdural Space , Temporal Lobe/physiopathology , Temporal Lobe/surgery , Tongue/physiopathology , Treatment Outcome
9.
Arch. neurociencias ; 5(1): 6-11, ene.-mar. 2000. tab, graf, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-295017

ABSTRACT

En el presente estudio se analizó el efecto a ratas gestantes sometidos a estrés por inmovilización. Sobre las neuronas piramidales de la capa V motora certica de la progenie, se usaron ratas hembras de la cepa Wistar que se distribuyeron al azar en dos grupos: control y experimental (n=5). Las ratas del grupo experimental fueron sometidos a estrés por inmovilización durante 2 a 6 horas diarias a lo largo de toda la gestación; las ratas grupo control se mantuvieron en condiciones normales de bioterio. Las crías de cada grupo fueron sacrificadas a los 14 y 21 días de edad. Para extraer su cerebro y obtener bloques de corteza motora que se procesaron con la técnica de Golgi Rápido. Se cuantifico el número de espinas dendríticas en segmentos de 50 micras, de una sección de 250 m de la dendrita axonal de neuronas piramidales. En el grupo experimental de 14 días, hubo reducción significativa en el número de espinas dendríticas en los segmentos de 50 a 100 y de 100 a 150 micras respecto al grupo control. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las deficiencias en la capacidad de aprendizaje, comportamiento adaptativo y de alteraciones de la actividad locomotora, reportadas en animales descendientes de madres sometidas a estrés durante la gestación pueden ser resultado de la reducción en la complejidad neuronal.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Pyramidal Cells/physiopathology , Dendrites , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Stress, Physiological , Immobilization/adverse effects , Pregnancy , Rats, Wistar
10.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 14(2): 93-105, ago. 1998. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-246848

ABSTRACT

La estimulación magnética constituye una herramienta de estudio de las vías motoras centrales de carácter no invasivo e indoloro. La ausencia de efectos colaterales y molestias para el paciente han permitido su rápido desarrollo y aceptación. Es posible la estimulación de la corteza motora mediante la estimulación transcraneana (EMT), así como de las raíces motoras a nivel de su pasaje por los agujeros de conjugación mediante la estimulación espinal. Esto permite conocer el tiempo de conducción motora central (TCMC), el parámetro más utilizado, aunque la morfología y la amplitud de las respuestas permite ampliar el espectro diagnóstico. Además del potencial evocado motor (PEM), obtenido como un efecto excitatorio de la EMT, también existe un efecto inhibitorio, conocido como período de silencio (PS). En la esclerosis múltiple es característico el aumento del TCMC debido al retardo en zonas de desmielinización. Pueden observarse también respuestas polifásicas, reducción en la amplitud, aumento en la duración de las respuestas y aun ausencia de éstas. En la mielopatía cervicoartrósica el aumento del TCMC es considerablemente menor que en la anterior, siendo más frecuentes los efectos sobre la amplitud. El estudio de diferentes grupos musculares permite un diagóstico topográfico del nivel de compresión. En el accidente muscular encefálico, la presencia o ausencia de respuestas en los primeros días de instalación permite un pronóstico de recuperación funcional. En la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica se encuentra una marcada reducción de la amplitud y frecuentemente ausencia de respuestas, con escaso o ningún efecto sobre el TCMC


Subject(s)
Humans , Central Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Electromagnetic Fields , Electrodiagnosis/instrumentation , Central Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/physiopathology
11.
Rev. neurol. Argent ; 21(3): 73-8, 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-193293

ABSTRACT

Uno de los componentes de los potenciales corticales relacionados con el movimiento, el Bereitschaft Potential (BP), se piensa que refleja la actividad preparatoria en las áreas corticales y subcorticales previas al movimiento voluntario. Estudios anatómicos han demostrado que el "output" palidal se dirige desde el tálamo al área motora suplementaria y al córtex premotor. Contrariamente el área premotora suplementaria envía un "input" hacia el pálido vía el estriado formando un "loop" anatómico entre las áreas motoras corticales y los ganglios basales. Hemos estudiado el BP en 13 pacientes parkinsonianos que fueron sometidos a diversos tratamientos neuroquirúrgicos (talamotomía, palidotomía y trasplante de tejido fetal) una semana antes y 6-8 meses después del procedimiento. Las mayores diferencias fueron observadas en el grupo de talamotomía, en relación al área entre el comienzo del BP y los 800 ms previos a la iniciación del movimiento. También observamos una correlación significativa entre esta área (800-200 ms antes del comienzo del movimiento) y la mejoría clínica en este grupo de pacientes. Estos resultados sugieren que la talamotomía podría influenciar el circuito neuronal relacionado con el BP.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Movement Disorders/physiopathology , Parkinson Disease/surgery , Fetal Tissue Transplantation , Treatment Outcome , Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological , Globus Pallidus/surgery , Globus Pallidus/physiology , Motor Cortex/physiology , Motor Cortex/physiopathology , Movement/physiology , Movement Disorders/etiology , Neurophysiology , Thalamus/surgery , Thalamus/physiology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL